Blocking press



May 11 194; E. G. LooMls 21319,]45

BLOCKING PRESS med Ju1y 12, 1941 INVENTOR l-oom Il! a f? l particularly .to thea-type known as tively-simple construction.

Patented May ll, 1943 ii-Nmap .Y STATES l PATENT oFFicE l l i l noorsaass applierlrylzn'ei.oz.13s

(c1. 1s1s 4 Claims.

'I'his invention-.relates to -presses, and more blocking presses inwhich-yariouskinds of material are compressed. ;into:blocks or cylindrical sections to facilitate handlingfersubsequent converting oi' such materials. One of-.the .materials compressed by -an apparatus of this character is nitro-cellulose which, becausee'ot-itscharacteristics, requires careful handling and treatment.

One of the objects-ofthe invention is to provide a; blockingl press, :which is preferably.- but not necessarilyhydraulically operated, in which a material auch as nitro-cellulose is effectively compressed intocylindricai sections or blocks; which will operate with ,aminimum consumption of power; which will.. permiteasy loading and removal of the materiaL-and which will be oi' rela- Another object of the invention is to provide an improved'closure means by which the cylinder within .which the material is compressed is closed, saidclosure means being preferably `hydraulically opened when required and permitting easy illlingffof the cylinder and the removal therefrom. of'the compressed material.

In the accompanying drawing, forming a part eri-roi', Fig., i is avertical sectional viewthrcugh a blocking. press constructed in accordance with the invention, the'yiewbeing taken on the -line I-I of Fi'g.. 3.. looking in the direction of the .arrows;,l' ig. 2 is anplan view of the cover or closure for.. the top vshown inclosed position; and Fig.

the same being 3 is a topplan view of the press, with'the cover in open position.

In the drawing, I indicates the of press, 'the same containing a vertically reciprocable .ram 2.. provided.` at its lower end withthe piston 3 having. packings 4, confined by the plate I secured to the piston-bythe screws I.

oi the press,

I'he lowerend ot the cylinder I-is-closedby the,

threaded plug lor nut'f 1...liaving packing 8,- and provided'- with the passage 'I .leading through it and into the cylinder, a.-pipe I0, yleading from a source oi' ,hydraulic pressure, being connected to passage 3 whereby the l'hydraulic liquid under pressure may, when required, enter the `cylinder I and operate against the lower end of piston 3 to raise the ram.

` At its upper end, thec'ylinder Ils provided with ahead I I, i'or'med withlfour upwardly and radially extending II, having their upper ends secured byv screws I2 to aradially extending 3 vlower cylinder f 5 is maintained in cylinder 23 to the flange or plate portion `I3 near the lower end of 4`,31| and within which ...--gear section 23 which are supported' upon beams I6 or other supports for the press. Secured by screw I1 to the uppengend of thevshaft of the ram 2, is the head the same being adapted to be reciprocated vertically within the upper cylinder or compressionchamber I4. l'I'he head I8 is provided with'a vsuitable packing ring I9 secured in place by-means of `the screws 20. The upper end of the lower cylinder I is closed around the shaft oi' the-ram 2 by means of a stuin'g box consisting of the nut 2| and packings 22.

Material to be compressed within the cylinder or compression chamber I4 is placed within said chamber through the open top of the same, said top being normally closed by means of a pair of co-operating-segmental cover sections 23 and 24 which, when the cover is inits closed. position as vbrought together in edge abutment" as atv 25. These cover sections are opened-or closed by means of operating mechanism shown-at the upper right in Fig. 1, the same including a cylinder 26 supported in bracket a piston 21 is vertically reciprocable to swing the cover sections toward or away from one another. The upper portion of the piston -21is provided with two oppositethread helical gear sections 28 and 29, the lower engaging gear thread 3| formed internally in aI bushing 32 secured within the hub 33 of the coverfsection 23, while the gear section 24 on the piston engages. with the gear thread 34 on the interior of the bushing `35 secured with- 'in the hub 36 of the coversection 24. Thebush ings i32 and- .3l are respectively held within-the hubs against axial movement by means of the rings 31 and screws 38. A closure cap 39 is tted over the top oi hub-36.

It will be apparent that when the piston 21 is moved upwardly by' hydraulic pressurentrant into the lcylinder below the piston 21 through pipe 4II, thek piston will be raised, and theupward movement of the same will cause the oppositely threaded gear sections 28 and 29 to swing the cover sections 23 vand 24 apart to the positions shown in Fig. 3, thus uncovering the top or open end ofthe cylinder I4 Aand permitting compressed piston ele- Open. piston 21 carries a packvated, the cover sections will remain The lcpwer end of the another to closed position,

2 ing 4| and projecting downwardly from said lower end of the piston and ing I! and cylinder closure cap is a threaded stem or rod tically adjustable on rod Il. Coil spring I1 is located Ii and the cylinder closure cap Il, the pressure of said spring being adjusted by shifting the position of the spring when the hyto be swung to through the medium of the helical gearing previ--v ously described. It will thus be Vclear' that by the imposition and release of hydraulic pressure in cylinder il, the cover sections can be o and closed in the manner descri To preirom being sections during the ll, holding the cover sections 23 and 24 apart or in open position.

material. The!i. Il is released and in the cylinder on hydraulic pressure in cylinder the spring 'l1 will force the piston I'I downwardly and through the medium of the gearing 2l, 2|. Il and lt will swing the cover sections toward one shown in Fig. 2. Hyis now caused to enter the lower same to move upwardly so that. the head il rises in cylinder I4 and the material in the cylinder Il will be compressed between the head Il o! the ram and the closure means at the top o! the cylinder. when the material has been compressed suiiiciently, the hydraulic pressure in 2t, 2l and 4I, troduced into cylinder '2l to cause elevated and open or spread 4apart thehcover members 23 and 1 4. Hydraulic through AI is 'now increased suiiicientlytocause I to be again elevated tly to raise the compressed material in block form out of the open top of the cylinder Il .where it becomes accessible for removal.

For forcing the Arain 2 downwardly to its lowered position, hydraulicpressure is in through the top portion passage Il connected to piping Il extending from a vsuitable source of hydraulic pressure.

From the foregoing,- it will be seen that I have 4provided a press o! greatly simpiiiied construcedgesare shaped.

oi cylinder i through compressed,

4 one end of said cylinder, said cover consisting through tion by which various materials such as for example. nitro-cellulose or other materials which must be handled with care, may be compressed rapidly and safely without loss or waste of -material. The means provided for automatically opening and closing the cover conserves the time and eilort or the workmen in filling the compression chamber and removing .the compressed blocks of material therefrom. Numerous other advan tages following from the construction described will be apparent to those skilled in the art and it'will also be obvious that various changes in structure may be made -without departing from the spirit of the invention.

What I claim is: A

1. In a press. a cylinder in which material is a ram movable in said cylinder, a cover against which the material is forced by the pressure of the ram, said cover comprising several segmental sections having edge portions in abutment and when in such abutment cover- -ing and closingI the end oi the cylinder. a movable piston, means for shitting said piston in one direction toA cause the cover sections to be moved apart to uncover the end of the cylinder, means for moving the piston in an opposite direction to cause the cover sections to be brought together to close the end of the cylinder, and driving means and said cover sections.

2. In a press, a cylinder, a cover for closing of a pair of segments normally in abutment to extend overl and close the end oi the cylinder, said segments being pivotally mounted whereby they may be swung toward or away from one another, gearing for simultaneously swinging the segments toward or away from one another, a piston for operating said gearing. hydraulic means for shifting the piston in one direction and :paring means for shifting it in the opposite direc- 3. In a press, a cylinder, a cover therefor, said cover consisting of several segments co-operatively closing an end ofthe cylinder, each of said segments having a hub portion, a piston movable the hub portions of the segments, said piston and hub portions being provided with gearing by means of which the segments are moved away from one another on movement of the pistonin one direction and brought together in abutment when the piston is moved in an opposite. direction, and means for reciprocating the piston.

V4l. Ina press, a cylinder, closure means therefor comprising a cover consisting of two segments, spring means for normally holding said segments in abutting relationship to co-operatively close an end of the cylindensaid segments each having a hub, said hubsy overlying each other and being internally threaded, a piston extending through the hubs and provided with oppositely threaded portions and having its threads in engagement with the internal threads within the hubs, said threaded engagement being such that the segments are moved in opposite directions oraway irom one another to thereby uncover the end of thecylinder when the piston is moved in a direction to oppose the pressure oi' said spring means. l

. EVARTS G.

interposed between the piston 

